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Introduction of Coke Oven
Production Principle and Coke usage of Coke OvenProduction Principle:
The coking process is to charge different types of coals into Carbonization Chambe for heating destructive distillation, after a certain time(coking time), coal becomes coke, then, push the coke out of the oven, quenching and screening, at same time, transfer generated volatile gas from the Carbonization Chamber to chemical products workshop, to separate and abstract different chemical products.
Usage of coke:it is widely used in blast furnace iron melting, castings, Calcium carbide, gasification and non-ferrous metal melting, etc. In which, it is the majority usage for coke to be used for blast furnace iron melting industry, it’s function are heating fuel, reductant and supporting skeleton.
Introduction of coke production:Coke production normally includes four production processs: coal charging, coke pushing, coke quenching and coke screening.
1),Coal charging—Mix different types of coals from different sources, to meet the requirements for coking process.
2),Coke pushing— Push out the ready made coke from Carbonization Chamber.
3),Coke quenching—Since the final dry distilled temperature for coal to coke is 950°C~1050°C, so, the coke be pushed out from Carbonization Chamber is in high temperature, after quenching, the temperature decrease to below 300°C, this process is called coke quenching.
3. Top Charging and Side charging Coke Oven
1),Top charging coke oven consists of:Coal charging car, coke pusher, coke barrier car and coke quenching car. This is the normally called FOUR cars in coke oven.
2),Side charging coke oven consists of: Tamping machine, Coal charging and coke pushing machine, dust removing car. The application of tamping machine for coke making, wider the coal sources, it makes it possible to use the mixture of coals as long as the volatile data in middle class, weak bonding coal, and secure the quality of coke. It’s the most effective measures to use wide range of coals.
Relationship of Carbonization Chamber with Combustion Chamber:Coke oven consists of Carbonization chamber, Combustion chamber, Regenerative chamber and Top Oven area.
Carbonization chamber is a place where coal shall be dry distilled isolating from air;Combustion chamber is a place for gas firing. The two chambers are both in turn, the separating wall should be strictly isolated, to prevent distilled gas leakage, and quickly to transfer heat for dry distillation.
Combustion chamber normally have one more than Carbonization chamber in a coke oven. Combustion chamber are separated by walls into many vertical fire ways, to enable control the temperature in the combustion chamber gradually increase from machine side to coke side. The Fire way numbers will be more as per the length of Carbonization chamber,there are 28 numbers for 58 type coke oven, there are 32 number of fire ways in big coke oven. The central distance of fire ways are similar, normally 460~~480mm,the width of fire way will be wider if the central distance of Carbonization chambers is wider, it is useful to radiate heat transfer. The openings of gas and air are at bottom of fire ways, Normally there are rampway opening and one burner at bottom of each vertical fire way at re-heating type coke oven. When heating with coke oven gas, burners with coking gas, two rampways with blast furnace gas, the other one with air.
5. Temperature system of coke oven:
1),Standard temperature—Its control value of average temperature measuring at fire ways at machine and coke side, it is main temperature index of securing coke cake to be matured within regulated coking time.
2),Straight temperature—temperature measured actually from fire ways.
3),Top temperature of Regenerative Chamber — to prevent checking bricks to be melted due to high temperature of Regenerative Chamber, it should be strictly control the temperature, it is normally about 150°C difference between temperature in Regenerative Chamber with vertival fire ways.
4),Small flue gas channel temperature— it is exaust temperature of waste flue gas.
5),Center temperature of coke cake— it is an important symbol of coke mature, normally the temperature reaches 950°C~1050°C.
6. Pressure system of coke oven:
1),Pressure of air colleting pipe— it is defined by the pressure at bottom of Carbonization Chamber under air suction pipe at end period of coking, normally not lower than 5Pa;
2),Pressure of fire inspecting hole — During actual production process, it is normally control the pressure at fire inspection hole as basic value, to define various pressure points at combustion system.
3),Top pressure of Regenerating Chamber — it is related with fire inspection hole.
4),Suction force of branch flue gas channel — to secure the suction force stable at top of Regenerative Chamber, the suction force at branch flue gas channels has to be adjusted, to control the forces, to keep stable suction pressure at top of Regenerative chamber.
7. Adjusting system of gas heating:
The main purpose of temperature adjusting in coke oven is to produce high quality of coke and chemical products, decrease heat consumption, make longer life of coke oven. It mainly include: General heat supply adjustment of entire coke oven, adjustment of heat supply in all combustion chamber, heat supply adjustment of all fire ways, and coke oven special adjustments.
8. Brief Introduction of 100,000TPA Coke Oven
With 2×25 holes 99-ⅡD Type
1) Main systems:
Raw materials and accessory materials processing system
Weighing and proportion system
Mixing and forming system
Dry distillation system
Heat exchanging and cooling system
Gas making and supply system
Accessory system
2) Brief introduction of coke oven type:
It is two function type coke oven type, with 2.8M, side and top charging types,when the side charging mechanical failure, the top charging system can be used urgently.
3) Main equipment list of the coke oven:
Sr. No. | Descriptions | Qty. |
1 | Refractory materials | |
1.1 | Silicon bricks | 820tons |
1.2 | Shaped clay bricks | 300tons |
1.3 | Checked bricks | 270tons |
1.4 | 1st class clay bricks | 450tons |
1.5 | 4th class clay bricks | 900tons |
1.6 | Diatomite | 10000Pcs. |
1.7 | Silicon mud | 100tons |
1.8 | Clay mud | 300tons |
1.9 | Others | |
2 | Special equipments | |
2.1 | Coke oven 4 cars(Top loading car, Coke pusher, Coke-barrier car, coke quenching car) | 1set |
2.2 | Side coal car 1 No.+ three hammer tamping machine | 1set |
2.3 | Pumps | 14Pcs. |
2.4 | Coal charging belt conveyer | 120m |
2.5 | Grab machine | 1Pcs. |
2.6 | Gas blower | 2Pcs. |
2.7 | Impact crusher | 2Pcs. |
2.8 | spring | 112Pcs. |
2.9 | Shaking feeder | 4Pcs. |
3 | Non standard equipments and castings | |
3.1 | Castings | 200tons |
3.2 | Gas collecting tank | 2Pcs. |
3.3 | Primary cooling tower | 3Pcs. |
3.4 | Horizontal pipe final cooler | 1Pcs. |
3.5 | Automatic release gas and liquid separating vacuum vessel | 18Pcs. |
3.6 | Coke door maintenance station | 2sets |
3.7 | Oven bar protection plate | 180set |
3.8 | Track steel and clip plate | 1000m |
3.9 | Reinforced glass cooling tower | 1Pcs. |
4 | Technological pipe and valves | |
4.1 | Pipes | 150tons |
4.2 | valves | 210Pcs. |
4.3 | Pipe, support, platform and handrails | |
5 | ||
5.1 | Chimney | |
5.2 | Recovery system | |
5.3 | Top charging, side charging coal tower, coal charging corridor, coal pit | |
6 | Electrical instrumentations | |
7 | Boiler and water supply and drainage system | |
8 | Water well, water pond, pump house |