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CUMMINS Diesel Generator
A diesel generator is the combination of a diesel engine with an electrical generator (often called an alternator) to generate electrical energy. Diesel generating sets are used in places without connection to the power grid, as emergency power-supply if the grid fails, as well as for more complex applications such as peak-lopping, Grid Support and export to the power grid. Sizing of diesel generators is critical to avoid low-load or a shortage of power and is complicated by modern electronics, specifically non-linear loads.
CUMMINS Series Diesel Generator Sets
The packaged combination of a diesel engine, a generator and various ancillary devices (such as base, canopy, sound attenuation, control systems, circuit breakers, jacket water heaters and starting system) is referred to as a "generating set" or a "genset" for short.
Generator sets sizes range from 8 to 30 kW (also 8 to 30 kVA single phase) for homes, small shops & offices with the larger industrial generators from 8 kW (11 kVA) up to 2,000 kW (2500 kVA three phase) used for large office complexes, factories. A 2,000 kW set can be housed in a 40ft ISO container with fuel tank, controls, power distribution equipment and all other equipment needed to operate as a standalone power station or as a standby backup to grid power. These units, referred to as power modules are gensets on large triple axel trailers weighing 85,000 pounds (38,555 kg) or more. A combination of these modules are used for small power stations and these may use from one to 20 units per power section and these sections can be combined to involve hundreds of power modules. In these larger sizes the power module (engine and generator) are brought to site on trailers separately and are connected together with large cables and a control cable to form a complete synchronized power plant.
Diesel generators, sometimes as small as 200 kW (250 kVA) are widely used not only for emergency power, but also many have a secondary function of feeding power to utility grids either during peak periods, or periods when there is a shortage of large power generators.
Ships often also employ diesel generators, sometimes not only to provide auxiliary power for lights, fans, and winches, etc. but also indirectly for main propulsion. With electric propulsion the generators can be placed in a convenient position, to allow more cargo to be carried. Electric drives for ships were developed prior to WW I. Electric drives were specified in many warships built during WW II because manufacturing capacity for large reduction gears was in short supply, compared to capacity for manufacture of electrical equipment. Such a diesel-electric arrangement is also used in some very large land vehicles such as railroadlocomotives.
Supporting Main Utility Grids
In addition to their well known role as power supplies during power failures, diesel generator sets also routinely support main power grids worldwide in two distinct ways:
Peak lopping
Maximum demand tariffs in many areas encourage the use of diesels to come on at times of maximum demand. In Europe this is typically on winter weekdays early evening peak when cooking and lights are on as people come home—around 5:30–7:00 PM, whereas in the United States this is often in the summer to meet the air conditioning load.
Grid Support
Emergency standby diesel generators, for example such as those used in hospitals, water plant, are, as a secondary function, widely used in the US and the UK (Short Term Operating Reserve) to support the respective national grids at times for a variety of reasons. In the UK for example, some 0.5 GW of diesels are routinely used to support the National Grid, whose peak load is about 60 GW. These are sets in the size range 200 kW to 2 MW. This usually occurs during, for example, the sudden loss of a large conventional 660 MW plant, or a sudden unexpected rise in power demand eroding the normal spinning reserve available.
This is extremely beneficial for both parties - the diesels have already been purchased for other reasons; but to be reliable need to be fully load tested. Grid paralleling is a convenient way of doing this. This method of operation is normally undertaken by a third party aggregator who manages the operation of the generators and the interaction with the system operator.
In this way the UK National Grid can call on about 2 GW of plant which is up and running in parallel as quickly as two minutes in some cases. This is far quicker than a base load power station which can take 12 hours from cold, and faster than a gas turbine, which can take several minutes. Whilst diesels are very expensive in fuel terms, they are only used a few hundred hours per year in this duty, and their availability can prevent the need for base load station running inefficiently at part load continuously. The diesel fuel used is fuel that would have been used in testing anyway.
A similar system operates in France known as EJP, where at times of grid extreme special tariffs can mobilize at least 5 GW of diesel generating sets to become available. In this case, the diesels prime function is to feed power into the grid.
During normal operation in synchronization with the electricity net power plants are governed with a five percent droop speed control. This means the full load speed is 100% and the no load speed is 105%. This is required for the stable operation of the net without hunting and dropouts of power plants. Normally the changes in speed are minor. Adjustments in power output are made by slowly raising the droop curve by increasing the spring pressure on a centrifugal governor. Generally this is a basic system requirement for all power plants because the older and newer plants have to be compatible in response to the instantaneous changes in frequency without depending on outside communication.
CUMMINS Gensets Data
Main Assemblies
Diesel Engine (CUMMINS Brand)Generator/Alternator (With AVR)Standard Control Panel (Ordinary Type, LCD Type, ATS Type )Common Base(Including Base Oil Tank)Standard Accessories
Starting Battery and Connector Wire The Vibration Reduction Rubber GasketSilencerExhaust Elbow8-hour Oil TankSpare Part CaseTechnical DataWater Tank Radiator, The belt-driving Cooling Fan , Fan Safety ShieldDry-type Air FilterFuel FilterLubricating Oil Filter Starting MotorSelf-charging GeneratorFrequency Meter/Water-thermometer/OilPressureGauge/Battery VoltmeterOptional Accessories
Preheating Start SystemDiesel Engine Thermal Protection SystemJacket HeaterSpeeding, High Temperature, High Oil Temperature, Low Pressure Alarm SystemBreakerAntifreeze LiquidGround WireWater Temperature Safety DeviceMachine OilService Conditions
Ambient Temperature: -25°C~40°C
Altitude: not exceed 1000 Meter
Rated Voltage: 230/400V (±10%)
Rated Frequency: 50/60Hz
Insulation Class: B/F/H
Working Duty: S1(Continuous)
Humidity: Lower than 95%
GF3-C-200 CUMMINS Series Three Phase Diesel Generator Sets 200KW 250KVA